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The French main battle tank Leclerc is the latest cutting-edge "third generation" MBT, following the likes of the German Leopard 2, U.S. M1 Abrams and British Challenger 2. Packed with the latest advanced technology, the Leclerc is widely considered the most innovative and high-tech of the third generation MBTs.Following first use by the British in the early stages of WWI, research into tank use spread rapidly throughout the world. While the British Mk.I was the first model to see practical use, the French were quick to begin development of their own tank, with the Schneider CA1 and Saint-Chamond tanks arriving as early as 1917. Featuring highly limited maneuverability on rough terrain, and fixed guns with many blind spots, they were soon replaced with the Renault FT, the world's first tank with a 360deg rotating turret. The FT established the basic form to be followed by all modern tanks, and was successful in an infantry support role during late WWI. The importance of armored vehicles was reduced during the interwar years with France retreating behind the Maginot Line. Just before the outbreak of WWII, the main French tanks were the light tanks Renault R35 and Hotchkiss H35. In September 1939, Germany invaded Poland, and would turn on France the following May. The highly mobile German tanks and superior Blitzkrieg (Lightning War) tactics would hand the French a resounding defeat. Although the French tanks were superior in many aspects, such as the Char B1 heavy tank and the Somua S35, their tactics of deploying tanks across a widely dispersed front led to the units being isolated and defeated by concentrated German forces.
French tank development was placed on hold during the 4 year German occupation, yet quickly progressed once again after the war, with the AMX-13 light tank entering production in 1952. Although the US supplied France with M47 tanks, they did not suit the French tactical needs, so France entered an MBT development agreement with West Germany in 1957. After much disagreement, both countries eventually reverted to domestic tank development, resulting in the French AMX-30 and the German Leopard 1. First deployed to active units from 1967, the AMX-30 was mounted with a 105mm main gun and featured a compact design, weighing just 30 tons.
Text as featured in instruction manual.
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Weighing only 56 tons, the Leclerc is lighter and more compact than its foreign counterparts, the Leopard 2, Challenger 2 and M1A1. Powered by a SACM V8X-1500 4-stroke liquid cooled V8 diesel engine capable of 1,500hp, the Leclerc's acceleration capabilities exceed the Leopard 2, accelerating from 0 - 32km/h in 5.5sec. The innovative hydropneumatic suspension system allows the Leclerc to reach a top speed of 72km/h on-road and 50km/h cross country. Incorporating more computer technology than any previous MBT, all vital components of the Leclerc, including firing, loading, steering and communications are fully computerized, with the Leclerc capable of real time direct communication with commanding headquarters and friendly vehicles. The Leclerc is fitted with a French developed CN120-26 120mm smoothbore 52 caliber main gun which is capable of firing standard APFSDS ammunition at 1750m/sec and OFL 120 F1 tungsten ammunition at 1790m/sec. The Leclerc also features an auto-loading system mounted in the turret bustle which contributes to a more compact silhouette. The automatic loader can fire 6 rounds in 35 seconds, while on the move. Removable modular armor is placed directly on the tank allowing easy and quick replacement if damaged. The first mass produced Leclerc tanks entered service in January 1992. Currently 5 French battle tank units are equipped with the Leclerc tanks, with a special modified Leclerc also used by the United Arab Emirates. Packed with the latest advanced technology, the Leclerc is widely considered the most innovative and high-tech of the third generation MBTs currently in use by the western powers. |
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| Production of the Leclerc MBT began in 1991. The 132 units produced up until 1996 are categorized as Series 1 tanks. From 1997, production on Series 2 tanks began, with improvements including air-conditioning unit for the computer system added to the tank turret and armor added to the hull. By 2003 a total of 178 units had been produced. The most modern version of the Leclerc MBT is Series XXI, featuring new multi-layered armor and revolutionary battle management system. |
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In July 2004, I had the honor of visiting the 6-12th Cuirassier Regiment of the French Army to undertake a 2-day photo shoot of the French MBT Leclerc. The 6-12th Cuirassier Regiment is based at Olivet, a small town just south of Orléans. Orléans is a beautiful town located on the Loire river, and is renowned for the 1429 Siege of Orléans, one of Joan of Arc's most famous victories.
The 6-12th Cuirassier Regiment traces its origins back to the early 19th century and the Napoleon Army. This unit is currently part of the 2nd armored brigade, formerly known as the 2nd armored division which was led by General Leclerc during WWII. The regiment is equipped with 80 Leclerc main battle tanks organized into 2 groups of 40, which is further sub-divided into 3 squadrons of 13 tanks, plus one tank for the squadron commander.After meeting up with Tamiya Europe staff in Orléans, we headed to the base and underwent identity checks before obtaining clearance to enter. I was very honored to be able to visit this unit as it is recognized as one of the most capable units of the French Army. We were then introduced to Colonel Charles Beaudouin, commanding officer of the 6-12th Cuirassier Regiment, and Lieutenant-Colonel Pierre Frouin, the executive officer. Colonel Beaudouin graduated from Saint-Cyr, the prestigious officer school of the French Army, and was closely involved in the Leclerc's development, having been in charge of the program for 2 years before assuming command of the 6-12th Cuirassier Regiment. He was very happy to help Tamiya in developing a 1/35 scale model of the Leclerc as he has been making models since he was 10-years-old.
After a brief meeting came the moment to start working on the Leclerc. The Leclerc is quite a complex tank featuring a lot of details, so it took the whole day to take all the pictures we needed. We were very lucky because during our visit one Leclerc was undergoing maintenance, allowing us the opportunity to take pictures of the suspension and underside panel. We stayed at Olivet until 5:00pm before going back to Orléans where we stayed for the night. After a good nights rest, we went back to Olivet to finish off our photo shoot of the Leclerc. This day was mainly used to measure the actual dimensions of the tank, the best way to make sure we offer Tamiya fans a replica as accurate as possible. With our main jobs achieved we were given a tour of the facility including a presentation of simulators used to train crews. We then said goodbye to our hosts and started our long journey back home.With this being my first photo shoot, the experience was quite unique. I had the opportunity to see one of the most powerful tanks in the world and meet dedicated people whose job is to defend their homeland. I packed these feelings of excitement and respect with me as I headed back to Japan, all the time thinking about the best way to turn these photos and feelings into a quality 1/35 scale model that all can enjoy. |
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| Images courtesy of TAMIYA MODEL MAGAZINE No.117 |
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Comparing up close tanks from different countries around the world is a joy that only modeling can bring. By building tanks from different countries, you not only discover the difference in design and form, but you also get an insight into different political and military strategies. Tamiya's fantastic collection of MBTs features the most modern and technology advanced tanks from around the world. Start your collection today! |
